猴子自拍权纠纷告一段落

 猴子自拍权纠纷告一段落

Kenneth Campbell

根据我在2014年写的关于这个问题的文章,以及现在在UOL上发表的新闻文章,还有我对外国立法的研究的更新,特别是在美国,我将对这个超级奇怪的案例的结果做一些更多的评论:"Selfie da Macaca, Perte II"。

让我们看看上面引用的文章的节选:

周一(09年11月),一位摄影师和一个动物福利组织达成协议,结束了涉及一只名为 "鸣人 "的猴子的著名照片的法庭斗争。 该协议是由摄影师大卫-斯莱特和代表这只猴子的 "动物伦理待遇组织"(Peta)的律师达成的。

根据该协议,斯莱特同意 捐出未来收入的25%。 从照片中获得的资金将捐给致力于保护印尼猕猴属物种的慈善机构,该照片就是在印尼拍摄的。 双方已同意在上诉法院结束争端"

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在维基百科网站上,这一切都开始了,(见解释该案件开始的文章),大卫-斯莱特自相矛盾,让我们看看:

"我把相机放在三脚架上,用非常广角的镜头,配置了预测性自动对焦、马达风、甚至闪光灯等设置,如果他们再次靠近玩耍,我就有机会拍到面部特写"。 翻译 : "我把相机放在三脚架上,用超广角镜头,做好设置,比如预测性自动对焦、马达风,甚至是闪光灯,如果他们再次靠近玩耍,我就有机会在脸上拍个特写。"

换句话说,在2014年关于作者身份的争议开始时,摄影师声称猴子偷了他的相机并开始自行拍摄。

我在第一篇文章中提到这段文字,是为了证明摄影作品的创意增量,也就是定义作者身份的元素,并不在摄影师的控制之下:

"现在,如果她从他手中夺走了设备并按下了按钮,那么除了拍摄的意图之外,摄影师的脑海中可能会出现一切(例如,"我的相机在那里!")。 因此,他从未做出创造性的贡献。 当然,他唯一关心的是尽快拿回相机"。

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"事实是,我有拍摄背后的智慧,我把这一切都归结为问题,"这位摄影师在一封电子邮件中说。"猴子只是在架在三脚架上的相机上按了一个按钮--这个三脚架是我装上去的,并保持了整个拍摄。"

另一张照片显示,摄影师在猴子中间。

但现在,他在法庭上宣称,他配置了相机,为它取了景,而猴子只是个按下按钮的人。 他提出的这个新论点旨在表明,这个想法是他的,而且这种想法通过照片得以实现。 仅仅 "按下按钮 "并不一定表示有创造力。

正如我们已经定义的那样 动物不是作者 猴子也不可能是。

去年,即2016年,美国版权局发布了一份最新的政策汇编,其中有一节规定 将只为人类制作的作品注册版权。 它明确指出,由动物制作的作品,无论是猴子拍摄的照片还是大象绘制的壁画,都不符合条件。 因为根据英国或美国的版权法(本争议中援引的司法管辖区),动物不能成为注册作者。 如果斯莱特不拥有版权,那么谁拥有?

答案在上一篇文章中,但摘录如下:

这就是LDA规则的例外之处:照片没有法律保护。 这是一张没有作者的照片,它没有得到现行法律的支持,因为它不是由人构思/设想/创造/物质化的。 由于动物也不是作者,我们有一个解决方案的空白。

猴子的自拍

然而,双方达成了司法协议,这也是促进正义的一种方式,因为有关各方决定什么对双方都是最好的。 另一方面,在我看来,我认为 佩塔和斯莱特都是这场争端中的赢家 因为他们将享受摄影作品的经济利益,而他们不是作者,既不是猴子也不是摄影家。

最后,我想说明的是,我很欣赏我的同事大卫-斯莱特的工作,他在这个猴子社区的日子里制作的其他照片质量也很好。在旅行中的费用,并正在考虑改变职业。

*认识马塞洛-普雷托的《摄影师的版权》一书

Kenneth Campbell

Kenneth Campbell is a professional photographer and aspiring writer who has a lifelong passion for capturing the beauty of the world through his lens. Born and raised in a small town known for its picturesque landscapes, Kenneth developed a deep appreciation for nature photography from an early age. With over a decade of experience in the industry, he has gained a remarkable skill set and a keen eye for detail.Kenneth's love for photography led him to travel extensively, seeking out new and unique environments to photograph. From sprawling cityscapes to remote mountains, he has taken his camera to every corner of the globe, always striving to capture the essence and emotion of each location. His work has been featured in several prestigious magazines, art exhibitions, and online platforms, gaining him recognition and accolades within the photography community.In addition to his photography, Kenneth has a strong desire to share his knowledge and expertise with others who are passionate about the art form. His blog, Tips for Photography, serves as a platform to offer valuable advice, tricks, and techniques to help aspiring photographers improve their skills and develop their own unique style. Whether it's composition, lighting, or post-processing, Kenneth is dedicated to providing practical tips and insights that can take anyone's photography to the next level.Through hisengaging and informative blog posts, Kenneth aims to inspire and empower his readers to pursue their own photographic journey. With a friendly and approachable writing style, he encourages dialogue and interaction, creating a supportive community where photographers of all levels can learn and grow together.When he's not on the road or writing, Kenneth can be found leading photography workshops and giving talks at local events and conferences. He believes that teaching is a powerful tool for personal and professional growth, allowing him to connect with others who share his passion and provide them with the guidance they need to unleash their creativity.Kenneth's ultimate goal is to continue exploring the world, camera in hand, while inspiring others to see the beauty in their surroundings and capture it through their own lens. Whether you're a beginner seeking guidance or an experienced photographer looking for new ideas, Kenneth's blog, Tips for Photography, is your go-to resource for all things photography.