FSA:大萧条的摄影师

 FSA:大萧条的摄影师

Kenneth Campbell
田纳西州的拿撒勒教堂,1936年。 沃克-埃文斯的照片

美国--来吧,世界--正在经历经济衰退,但与美国在20世纪20年代末经历的大萧条相比,目前的情况令人耳目一新。 在那十年的开始,该国正经历着欣喜和加速增长的时刻。 股票在上涨,每个人都在投资股市,但这种情况是虚幻的。 这最终导致了崩溃,导致了美国--也是世界--处于破产的边缘,成千上万的工人处于街头的边缘--仔细想想,这种情况与一些欧洲国家目前经历的情况类似。

对危机的反应始于1933年左右,当时政府启动了一系列公共工程项目来恢复经济。 正是在这些行动的背景下,出现了一项对纪实摄影具有绝对重要性的举措。

在他采取的措施中,新任命的总统富兰克林-罗斯福制定了一项计划,以帮助该国被毁坏的农业地区。 该项目被称为农场安全管理局(FSA),涉及一群摄影师,他们负责记录情况并记录政府的行动。

See_also: 系列照片显示了人类和狗之间难以置信的相似性

See_also: 路易斯-达盖尔:摄影之父

如果不是这15位摄影师的出色表现,它可能只是一个政府项目的普通记录,其中沃克-埃文斯、多萝西娅-兰、杰克-德拉诺、戈登-帕克斯和刘易斯-海因的名字很突出。

该任务的非官方和宣传性质并不妨碍该团体制作一流的艺术材料,这将为社会摄影(不是目前使用的术语意义上的)的纪实性质奠定基础。 根据塞纳克教授和策展人João Kulcsár,他对该主题有广泛的研究,并负责将其中一些图像带到在巴西的展览中,上述照片都对北美身份的构建做出了贡献。

多萝西娅-兰格拍摄于1936年的 "移民母亲",是这位摄影师为FSA拍摄的最具代表性的照片之一。

密苏里州摄影师沃克-埃文斯能够巧妙地将目光移到官方议程之外,突出经济悲剧的人性层面,准确地记录了美国南部农村人口的苦难、落后和种族隔离的情况。

在为FSA工作后,埃文斯被杂志社聘用。 财富 这位摄影师与作家兼记者詹姆斯-艾吉(James Agee)一起前往阿拉巴马州。 他们两人与农民一起生活了四个星期,并就该贫困地区的生活条件编写了一份极其详细的报告,其中还加入了埃文斯引人注目的现实主义图像。 该报告和照片没有出现在杂志上,而是在1941年的一本书中,被认为是关于美国大萧条的最勇敢的文件。 2009年,它在巴西出版,标题为 让我们赞美那些杰出的人 (Companhia das Letras,520页,69.50雷亚尔)。

刘易斯-海因在加入FSA之前制作了一系列关于乔治亚工厂童工的图片。 1941年,加入FSA的杰克-德拉诺拍摄了一个黑人男孩的葬礼照片。

Kenneth Campbell

Kenneth Campbell is a professional photographer and aspiring writer who has a lifelong passion for capturing the beauty of the world through his lens. Born and raised in a small town known for its picturesque landscapes, Kenneth developed a deep appreciation for nature photography from an early age. With over a decade of experience in the industry, he has gained a remarkable skill set and a keen eye for detail.Kenneth's love for photography led him to travel extensively, seeking out new and unique environments to photograph. From sprawling cityscapes to remote mountains, he has taken his camera to every corner of the globe, always striving to capture the essence and emotion of each location. His work has been featured in several prestigious magazines, art exhibitions, and online platforms, gaining him recognition and accolades within the photography community.In addition to his photography, Kenneth has a strong desire to share his knowledge and expertise with others who are passionate about the art form. His blog, Tips for Photography, serves as a platform to offer valuable advice, tricks, and techniques to help aspiring photographers improve their skills and develop their own unique style. Whether it's composition, lighting, or post-processing, Kenneth is dedicated to providing practical tips and insights that can take anyone's photography to the next level.Through hisengaging and informative blog posts, Kenneth aims to inspire and empower his readers to pursue their own photographic journey. With a friendly and approachable writing style, he encourages dialogue and interaction, creating a supportive community where photographers of all levels can learn and grow together.When he's not on the road or writing, Kenneth can be found leading photography workshops and giving talks at local events and conferences. He believes that teaching is a powerful tool for personal and professional growth, allowing him to connect with others who share his passion and provide them with the guidance they need to unleash their creativity.Kenneth's ultimate goal is to continue exploring the world, camera in hand, while inspiring others to see the beauty in their surroundings and capture it through their own lens. Whether you're a beginner seeking guidance or an experienced photographer looking for new ideas, Kenneth's blog, Tips for Photography, is your go-to resource for all things photography.